8A 英语期中考试讲评讲学稿
一、教学内容
学生期中测试试卷的讲练和专项练习巩固
二、教学目标
1、通过讲评,巩固学生对所学知识的认识,攻克学生在考试中的疑难点。
2、通过合作讨论式的学习,培养学生的学习主动性和参与意识、互助意识。
帮你归纳:
I. 完型填空方法引导:
做好完形填空,必须要在通读全文、把握结构与大意的前提下,根据所提供的选项及句子的结构、语法、语篇等信息,通过逻辑推理、对比等手段最后确定答案。根据完形填空这一测试特点,在做完形填空时,应采取以下五个步骤逐一进行。
1. 步骤一,了解大意
通读整篇文章,弄清文章的大意和结构,确立正确的背景知识。考生在第一遍阅读中,要善于从文章开头的几句话中把握短文的背景、主题或结构,并结合常识判断构建一定的预期,并在随后的阅读中,不断修正,以求与原文一致。通常情况下,文章开头的一、两句话都是完整的信息,这些句子揭示文章的背景知识 或主题思想,考生在阅读中一定要仔细研读,为后面的阅读扫清障碍。
2. 步骤二,初选答案
了解大意后,便可以开始填空了。在填每个空格时,可以从出题者的出题思路着手,初步作出每个题的答案。总的来说,出题人有以下六种出思路。
(一) 词义与词形的辨析。选项与选项之间构成同义词、反义词、形近词的关系。有时出题者也借助选项,考察考生对某些单词词义的精确理解。
(二) 逻辑关系。所填空格的句子,与上下文构成指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、补充、递进等逻辑关系。
(三) 结构识别。这里讲到的结构,是指英文中表祯句子结构的固定词组,如not only…but…,as well, some…the others…, still others…等。
(四) 固定搭配。这里的固定搭配,是指动词与名词之间的搭配。如:同样是“利用……”, 却有不同的搭配take advantage of sth. /make use of sth.
(五) 动词的用法。考生应从动词的时态、语态(被动语态和主动语态)以及非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)几个角度逐一考虑。
(六) 介词的用法.介词的用法中多考察介词与名词、介词与形容词及及介词与动词的搭配和用法。
3. 步骤三,寻找线索
完形填空不同于句子与结构,必须要从整篇文章入手,通篇考虑,结合上下文答案,寻找线索就秉承了这一思想。有些题从单纯的句子来考虑,我们会发现四个选项均可以入选,但从上下文的线索入手,就能迅速排除其它三个,找到正确答案,从某种意义上来说,“寻找线索“不仅可以考察考生的语言知识,而且更 强调对文章内容的整体把握。
4. 步骤四,回头补缺
在做题时,如果有的难题一时做不出来,应立刻跳过此题,继续往下做。不提倡考生在某一题上花费大量的时间。道理不言自明,只要考生坚持往下做,随着空格变得越来越少,对文章的理解也越来越轻松,有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中找到答案,这样再回过头来填上答案,也未为晚也。
5. 步骤五,核实答案
题目填完后(除个别难度较大的题目外),考生应利用一到两分钟将答案带入原文通读,通读的目的是通过“语感”来核实答案。这样读下来,不仅可以改正填错的词,而且还可以在这一过程中得到启发,把做不上来的题目填出来。
练练吧:
Food is very important. Everyone needs to ___1____ well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is __2__. We begin to get knowledge even ___3__ we are very young. Small children are _4__ in everything around them. They learn __5__ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to ___6__ story books, science books… anything they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and __7____ to find out answers. What is the best __8___ to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we will get __9__ knowledge. If we are _10___ getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.
1. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat
2.A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat 3. A. until B. when C. after D. interested 4. A. interested B. interesting C weak D. better 5. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything` 6. A. lend B. read C. learn D. write 7. A. try B. have C. refuse D. wait 8. A. place B. school C. way D. road 9. A. little B. few C. many D. the most 10 . A. often B. always C. usually D. something
II. 阅读方法引导:
1.推测(prediction)
阅读正文前,就标题(如果有标题的话)来合理推测资料的大概内容,也可在读了二、三段之后预测下段内容。
2.关键词句(key word and topic sentences)
在对文章的整体内容有了基本认识的基础上,我们学会抓主要的词句,找出段落中的主题句,从而正确领会文章的主要内容,并注意到是否对自己有利用价值。
3.阅读习惯(reading habit)
从主观上要能克服注意力容易分散即所谓“思想开小差”的毛病,高度集中自己的注意力;从客观上克服各种无意中形成或由来以久的坏习惯,如摇头晃脑,抖动双腿,玩弄纸笔,念念有词等。这些“小动作”,也会分散注意力、影响思考,降低阅读速度。
4.略读或浏览或跳读(Skimming)
Skim用于阅读,或译为略读,或译为泛读。而这种读法却包含有原词的所有意思——快速读过去,取出读物中关键性的东西。因此,我们可以把这种读法理解为快速浏览课文,领会文章大意。一般而言,通过标题可知道文章的主题。对文章的首段和末段要多加注意,以便发现作者的观点。
5.查阅(Scanning)
Scanning的意思是扫读或查阅,是快读或速读的一种。Scan就是通常所说的“扫描”。其特点是快,但又要全部扫及。在快速阅读中仔细挑出重要的信息。因此,查阅可以理解为迅速找出文章中的有关事实细节或某一具体信息;有时要找出某一个单词或词组,如人名、地名、日期、价格等;有时要找出文中所述的某一特殊事件,而这一事件可能是由一个词或短语交代的。若不具备一定的能力,这样的细节恐不易发现。
练练吧:
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own..
● Plant flowers, grass or trees. ● Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there--- keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin. ● Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves a lot of electricity(电). ● Turn off the tap(水龙头) when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper. ● Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in. ● Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away. ● Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away. ● Use both sides of paper. ● Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby. ● Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. ( )1. From the above, we know that this is ____________. A. a sign B. a proposal(倡议书) C. an advertisement D. a notice ( )2. The writer tells us ______________. A. to throw old books away B. to pour dirty water into the rivers C. to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth D. that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day ( ) 3. We can _________ to save paper. A. use a paper cup B. use both sides of paper C. give old books to a library D. pick up waste paper at a school ( )4. Which of the following is wrong according to the writer? A. Turn off the lights when you leave the room. B. Close the doors and windows in winter. C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth. D. Give your old clothes to the poor children ( ) 5. What’s the best title(题目) of the passage? A. Protect the Earth B. Save Water and Electricity C. Make Better Use of Old Things. D. Save Money 知识点练练吧:
1.Success is dependent ______ how hard you work.
A. with B. to C. on D. in
2. It’s autumn now, and weather is getting ______. Yes, it’s quite comfortable.
A. more and more cool B. cooler and cooler C. more and more hot D. hotter and hotter.
3. Can you give me the answers ______ the exercises?
A. of B. to C. for D. by
4. This story is ______ of all the stories in this book.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. much interesting D. the most interesting
1. The story made me_____________( laugh) happily.
2. I saw the old man _____________ (cross)
3. I often hear the little girl_____________(play) the piano.
4. I was made_____________(work) in the field thought it was raining hard.
5. The teacher let us_____________( watch )
6. The students planned _____________(go) for a camp next Sunday.
7. I would like you all _____________(watch) very carefully.
8. We hope _____________(win) the match on Wednesday.
9. They all agreed______________(have) a picnic on Sunday.
10. The teacher told the students ______________(keep) quiet in class.
11. The teacher told the students ______________(not, noisy) in class.
12. They decided______________(work) even harder for the new school term.
13. It is important _______________us ______________(attend) the meeting.
14. It is very silly _____________you _____________(talk) in class.
15.She is too excited ______________(say) a word.
16.She is not strong enough ______________(carry) the box.
17.You’d better_______________ (keep) quiet in class.
18. He had better ______________(not, noisy) in the reading-room.
19.The little girl enjoys ______________(listen) to music at home in the evening.
20. Would you mind_______________(close) the door?
21. They suggested______________(have) a party this weekend. (责任编辑:) |
